ALKALOSIS

Alkalosis :-

This is a condition in which the blood ph is increased from its normal range .
NORMAL RANGE : 7.35 - 7.45 .

Causes :-

Increase in blood bicarbonate conc (HCO3) .
Decrease in the CO2 conc because of hyperventilation .
Hyperventilation : Increase in respiration causing increased excreation of CO2 from body causing decrease in CO2 conc which is acidic as it come from carbonic acid causing increase in ph .
Decreased excreation of HCO3 .
Increased excreation of H+ ions .
The excreation amount depends on the absorption capacity of the intestine so we can say that there is malabsorption of H + ions in the intestine causing more excreation and etc....

Types :- There are two main types of alkalosis they are :

Respiratory alkalosis -

This is a type of alkalosis which is related to decrease in CO2 in the body by hyperventilation .
Compensation of Respiratory alkalosis is done by the kidneys .

2. Metabolic alkalosis -

This is type of alkalosis whic related to the increase in HCO3 in the blood .
The compensation of Metabolic alkalosis is done by the lungs .

Mechanism of compensation of alkalosis :-

BY LUNGS :

The compensation by lungs is for metabolic alkalosis in which our lungs will start apnea or hypoventilation which will bring the level of CO2 to normal probably and also increase the carbonic acid conc which will make the ratio of bicarbonate and carbonic acid normal , NORMAL RATIO IS 20:1 RESP......
Apnea : This is a condition in which the our body will temporary stops

2. BY KIDNEYS :

The compensation for Respiratory alkalsosis is done by the kidneys by increaseing the excreation of HCO3 ions and increasing absorption of H+ ions causing bringing back the ph to normal .
The normal ratio is maintained by increasing the absorption of H+ ions .

Treatment :-

The main treatment for alkalosis is iv chloride .
And the other methods is by treatment of the underlying disease .

NOTE :- Alkalosis is a condition not a disease , it is a symptom which occurs in many diseases like Dehydration - specifically by excess vomiting .

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